Abstract: Based on the theory of cloud control system, an intelligent cloud monitoring system for geological drilling is designed to meet the engineering requirements of intelligent control, optimization of decision-making. The system realizes such functions during the drilling process as the condition monitoring, efficiency optimization, intelligent control and decision-making, etc. For the requirement of efficiency optimization in cloud monitoring system, an intelligent optimization scheme of rate of penetration based on Gaussian process regression and hybrid bat algorithm is proposed. Dynamic optimization of rate of penetration is realized by applying the sliding time window technology. Finally, the actual scene application is designed based on the intelligent cloud monitoring system, and the results verify the effectiveness and engineering applicability of the proposed method.