Abstract: The adversarial sample defense technology of electromagnetic signals aims to clear up the "electromagnetic mystery" and to alleviate the deception threats of electromagnetic signal recognition systems against adversarial attacks. By summarizing the current characteristics of intelligent electromagnetic signal deception and the research and development and needs for counter-deception, two types of passive and active defense methods are explored from a technical perspective. The existing defense technologies against adversarial samples in electromagnetic signals are systematically reviewed and comparatively analyzed.The main challenges and future development trends in adversarial sample defense technology of electromagnetic signals are discussed, providing important references for future research and practice in the field of electromagnetic signal security.